1、 Fine fertilization. The basic fertilizer is applied using a one-time fertilization method, with 1000 kilograms of decomposed household manure per mu, 50 kilograms of peanut specific compound fertilizer or 75 kilograms of compound fertilizer, and 40 to 50 kilograms of superphosphate, 10 kilograms of potassium chloride, and 1 kilogram of borax applied evenly throughout the entire layer before plowing.
2、 Skilled control of seedlings. 40-50 days after the start of peanut flowering, which is the early stage of peanut podding, when the plant grows to 30 centimeters, 70-100 milligrams/liter of ppm water solution should be sprayed on the leaves in a timely manner, with 50-75 liters of usable solution per acre. It can stunt peanut plants and prevent lodging due to overgrowth. If the growth is still too vigorous after spraying, it can be sprayed again every 10 days to ensure that the plant height is between 30-40 centimeters.
3、 Spray foliar fertilizer. After the pod setting stage, foliar topdressing can be applied 1-2 times with 1% urea solution and 2% -3% superphosphate solution; You can also spray 50 grams of ammonium molybdate and 50 kilograms of water per acre, and spray again after 10 days.
4、 Apply calcium fertilizer skillfully. Peanuts require a large amount of calcium, with a higher demand for calcium than phosphorus, which is close to potassium, especially during the fruiting stage. Applying gypsum in soil lacking calcium or sulfur is beneficial for the formation of peanut shells and improves the yield.
5、 Skilled application of micro fertilizers. Although peanuts have a low demand for boron, molybdenum, and other nutrients, their impact is significant. During the seedling and flowering stages, spray 50 kilograms of 0.2% borax aqueous solution on the leaf surface once per acre; During the growth period, spraying 50 kilograms of 0.1% -0.2% ammonium molybdate aqueous solution on the leaf surface once per acre can increase yield by up to 20% per acre.
6、 Pruning. When peanuts begin to have flower buds, use scissors to cut off the diseased and unflowered upward branches. When cutting flower free branches, leave 3-4 branches per nest for small branches and leaves, and 2-3 branches per nest for tall branches and leaves. This can achieve the goal of plump and large fruits.
7、 Remove the main stem. The top advantage of peanuts is very prominent. After 10 days of peak flowering, removing the main stem has a significant yield increase effect, with an increase of about 15% per acre. Early or late removal does not have a significant effect.
8、 Peanuts step on seedlings. During the peak season of peanut growth, adopting manual seedling trampling measures can control the top and promote the bottom, promote fruit needle penetration, and increase the effective number of single holes by 3-5, resulting in a 20% increase in yield. The method is: generally from late July to mid August, after 3pm on a sunny day, step down the upright peanut seedlings with your feet, shorten the distance between the fruit needles and the ground, and promote the early entry of the fruit needles into the soil to achieve the goal of controlling the upper and promoting the lower fruits and increasing income.
9、 Dig the soil and bury the fruit. When a large number of peanut needles enter the soil, there is always a part of the needle that is difficult to penetrate. If you first use a hoe to hoe between the peanut rows, and then use your hand to dig the soil around the fruit seedlings to bury the fruit, this can improve the rate of needle penetration and fruiting, and generally increase the yield by about 15% per acre.
10、 Wrap the entire plant. Pressing the entire plant during the peak flowering period of peanuts can improve the crowding situation between plants in the hole, make full use of space and light energy, shorten the distance between the fruit needles and the ground, expand the range of fruiting, and facilitate early soil penetration, multiple fruiting, and full fruiting of the fruit needles. The method is to press a circle during the blooming period, using willow strips with a diameter of 30-35 centimeters to form a circle, and pressing it on the center of three peanut seedlings, so that each hole of peanuts accounts for 1/3, and the stems and branches can crawl on the ground as much as possible.
11、 Take timely pickups. Timely picking of peanuts can effectively suppress apical dominance and promote the elongation and fruiting of the second pair of lateral branches. After removing the main stem of peanuts, it can increase yield by about 10%. During the peanut picking period, it is good to move forward from the initial flowering period to the peak flowering period. Notes: 1. The cut should be flat when picking the top of the crop. 2. The top of the crop should be taken out of the field for feed or composting; 3. After harvesting, a small amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer can be applied according to the seedling situation to promote branch growth; 4. Weak fields should not be picked.
12、 Prevention and control of diseases and pests. （1） Red spider. The harm period of red spiders is from June to August, and they become rampant in dry years. It can be controlled by spray with 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times, 15% daparilin emulsifiable concentrate 1000~1500 times, and 40% dicofol 1500~2000 times.
（2） Aphids. Aphids are the main pests that harm peanut leaves, causing them to curl up and deform, resulting in poor growth. At the same time, aphids can also spread various viral diseases. Therefore, during the aphid occurrence period, a 10% imidacloprid wettable powder with a concentration of 5000 times can be used for control.
（3） Grubs. It is an underground pest that affects peanut germination, fruiting, podding, yield, and quality, and can be harmful throughout the entire growth and development period. To prevent and control white grubs, the following methods can be used: 1. Larvae stage: use 40% of Lesbon emulsifiable concentrate 0.25-0.3 kilograms, 40% of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 0.25-0.4 kilograms per acre, mix 20-30 kilograms of soil, and evenly spread around peanut stumps; 2. Adult stage: Take 3-5 fresh branches of 60 cm long elm, poplar, and willow trees and bundle them into a bundle. Immerse them in 75% phoxim emulsion 50 times solution or 45% phoxim emulsion 50 times solution for 5-6 hours. In the evening, insert them in the field and trap them with 10-15 sticks per acre; 3. Artificial catching of adults: Use a flashlight every evening to manually catch adults on trees near peanut fields such as poplar, elm, willow, and locust. Feeding captured adults to poultry or centralized treatment can reduce the source of pests while ensuring that tree leaves are not harmed.
（4） Beet armyworm. According to the lifestyle of the beet armyworm, the optimal period for pesticide control should be the peak period of egg hatching and 1-2 peak periods of larval growth. The application time should be in the morning and evening, and the peanut leaves should be evenly coated on both sides. Choose 5% fipronil (carbazek) emulsifiable concentrates, 5% Nongmonte (Vochonglon) emulsifiable concentrates, 5% flumuron emulsifiable concentrates, 5% dimeglum emulsifiable concentrates, and use 1500~2000 times of its solution in the field spray control; It is also possible to use 10% of 1500~2000 times of suspension agent, 2.5% of 2000~3000 times of kungfu, 4.5% of 1500~2000 times of beta cypermethrin emulsion and other spray for prevention and control.